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WineEast Grapegrowing digital printing flexo printing screen printing embossing hot & cold foil specialty papers • iparia Gloire rootstock was, at least initially, the most effective R rootstock in limiting vegetative development among the three evaluated; vines grafted to Riparia Gloire had approximately 25% lower cane-pruning weights than vines grafted to 420-A or 101-14. These results were consistent with our knowledge of the relative vigor-conferring abilities of these three rootstocks. Rootstocks were not as effective, however, as the under-trellis cover crop, or root-restriction, in suppressing vegetative development. Furthermore, the rootstock effect was most dramatic in the first several years of the experiment and less so in the past two years of data collection. • anopy architecture was generally improved by both UTCC and by root C restriction, but generally unaffected by rootstock. Both UTCC and root restriction provided a sustained improvement in canopy architecture in an environment where annual, remedial hedging and leaf-pulling are often required to achieve the same degree of fruit exposure. 716.542.3000 • WWW.NIAGARALABEL.COM GREEN GRAPE HOE Basic Hoe comes with a Hillup and a Takeaway Blade. Additional attachments include .3 Tooth Cultivator, Undercutter Blade, Rotary head, " NEW " Rolling Cultivator and "Vine Auger". The Green Hoe Company, Inc. 6645 West Main Road, Portland, NY 14769 PHONE (716) 792-9433 FAX (716) 792-9434 WWW.GREENHOECOMPANY.COM TANK CLEANING EQUIPMENT Chemdet has over 40 years experience supplying a full line of quality equipment to clean the interiors of open or closed, large or small containers, tanks & process vessels. • Portable Tank Washers • Clean-in-Place Tank Washers • Drum and Barrel Washers • High Impact Tank Washers • Fixed and Rotating Spray Balls Toll-Free 800-645-1510 • Tel: 772-388-2755 Fax: 772-388-8813 e-mail: info@chemdet.com • www.chemdet.com Chemdet, Inc • 730 D Commerce Center Drive Sebastian, FL 32958 106 W in es & V i ne s NOV E M b e r 20 13 Using sites across the East will ensure that the tools developed are appropriate for the different macroclimates that exist between New England and the Southeast. • he principal, direct effect of the UTCC and the root-restriction T treatments was a sustained reduction in the vine's water potential—that is, how hydrated or dehydrated the vine is. Plant nitrogen levels (including yeast-assimilable nitrogen of musts) also were depressed by under-trellis cover crops (UTCC). A follow-up study is under way to determine the most efficient way to apply nitrogen fertilizer in vineyard systems that use the under-trellis cover crops. • ertain components of yield, including berry weight, were posiC tively affected by vineyard floor management and root restriction. The UTCC generally increased juice and wine color density and total phenolics. Wines have been made from the various treatments, and both preference tests and sensory descriptive analyses have revealed modest but positive impacts of improved fruit exposure on finished wines. A similar cover crop experiment was established in the Finger Lakes with Cabernet Franc under the direction of Drs. Ian Merwin (now retired) and Justine Vanden Heuvel. Rather than using perennial grass, the Finger Lakes project utilizes annual cover crops or native vegetation under the trellis, as the vines are annually hilled and de-hilled for winter protection. The Finger Lakes experiment also was engineered to allow monitoring of soil solution leachate through the soil profile as a function of vineyard floor management. Thus, the fate of agrochemicals such as fertilizer and pesticides can be monitored in response to floor-management practices.