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44 p r a c t i c a l w i n e r y & v i n e ya r d J a n U a r y 2 0 1 5 s M A r t v I t I C u l t u r E quad" is in fact the geneva double cur- tain (GDC) system renamed. The GDC was developed by professor Nelson Shaulis in New York state. In my experience this trellis system is very well-suited for high-vigor vineyards. This is because the downward growth of shoots helps to devigorate them. Also, there is good fruit exposure with this system. I frequently recommend the GDC for high-vigor red grape vineyards, where substantial improvements in yield and quality are forthcoming. Lachs and Marks predicted even steepest ground, and the vine rows were terraced. The vines were trained to the California "quad" system with four high cordons trained 5 feet above ground, on average, and 42 inches wide. The height of the cordons varies on the steep, terraced hillsides. Because of pruning and shoot positioning, the shoots grow downward. Lachs reports that this system is achiev- ing good ripeness. Initially they thought there would be a need for more crop thinning, but this has turned out not to be the case. The so-called "California by irrigation. This may well solve his vigor problem. (See "Vineyard Irrigation the Smart Way," in the October 2013 PW V.) Vine-training systems Lachs and Marks did not intend their vineyard to be an experimental farm. They chose what they thought would be the best training system for each variety, but there are no "control" blocks, and so no comparisons can be made apart from between varieties and training systems. Syrah was planted on some of the Quadrilateral-cordon GDC Syrah, east-west vine rows. Quadrilateral-lyre Grenache, north-south vine rows. SELL TO MORE GROWERS The Wines & Vines Grower Online Marketing System (GOMS) enables users to create and save highly customized grower searches, and export results into advanced report types, data exports and mailing labels. (866) 453-9701 • winesandvines.com/OMS SELECT RECORDS BASED ON: SELECT RECORDS BASED ON: SELECT RECORDS BASED ON: region varietals acreage grape sales new vineyard