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62 p r a c t i c a l w i n e r y & v i n e ya r d J U ly 2 0 1 4 G r A p E G r o W I N G HoytShepston_Monthly09 10/31/08 4:44 PM Promote your wines to leading Zinfandel enthusiasts and extend your winery's relationship in the market. Join Us! We are champions of Zinfandel— America's Heritage Wine Become part of our proud legacy zinfandel.org • 530-274-4900 Zinfandel Advocates & Producers is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. ZAP is dedicated to advancing public knowledge of and appreciation for American Zinfandel and its unique place in our culture and history. You know how good your Zinfandel is... Examples Explana on table III. the results of ill- managed over- or under-irrigation at the wrong time of the season. The combina on of too much water and poor weed control. Too much water a er fruit set encourages lateral shoot growth (arrows), which would increase canopy density and compete for nutrients and energy with developing berries. Not enough water between bloom and fruit set causes poor fruit set, poten al early bunch stem necrosis, and/or uneven ripening later on. Too much water stress before harvest results in early leaf yellowing and berry dehydra on (arrows). The former could cause increase in berry K + and pH, and poten al decrease in vine reserves for overwintering; the la er could decrease yield. 8. Hsiao, T.C. 1973 "Plant responses to water stress." Annual Review of Plant Physiology 24, 519–570. 9. Keller, M. 2010 The science of grapevines: anatomy and physiology. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington. 10. Kriedemann, P. and I. Goodwin. 2003 "Regulated deficit irrigation and par- tial rootzone drying." Land & Water Australia, Canberra. 11. McCarthy, M.G., B.R. Loveys, P.R. Dry and M. Stoll. 2000 "Regulated deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying as irrigation management techniques for grapevines." FAO Water Reports 22: Deficit Irrigation Practices 81– 88. 12. Ortega-Farias, S., E. Fereres and V.O. Sadras. 2012 "Special issue on water management in grapevines." Irrigation Science 30, 335–337 . 13. Picón-Toro, J., V. González-Dugo, D. Uriarte, L.A. Mancha and L. Testi. 2012 "Effects of canopy size and water stress over the crop coefficient of a Tempranillo vineyard in southwestern Spain." Irrigation Science 30, 419–432. 14. Smith, D.M. and S.J. Allen. 1996 "Measurement of sap flow in plant stems." J. of Experimental Botany 47, 1833–1844. 15. Williams, L.E., C.J. Phene, D.W. Grimes and T.J. Trout. 2003 "Water use of mature Thompson Seedless grapevines in California." Irrigation Science 22, 11–18. 16. Williams, L.E. 2001 "Irrigation of winegrapes in California." Practical Winery & Vineyard 23, 42–55. 17. Williams, L.E. and T.J. Trout. 2005 "Relationships among vine- and soil-based measures of water status in a Thompson Seedless vineyard in response to high-frequency drip irrigation." Am. J. of Enol. & Vit. 56, 357–366. 18. Jackson, D.I. and P.B. Lombard. 1993 "Environmental and management practices affecting grape composition and wine quality—a review." Am. J. of Enol. & Vit. 44, 409–430. 19. McCutchan, H. and K.A. Shackel. 1992 "Stem water potential as a sen- sitive indicator of water stress in prune trees (Prunus domestica L. cv. French)."