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WineEast EasternWineLab_Mar09.qxp 1/22/09 9:47 AM Page 1 Grapegrowing EASTERN WINE LABS Serving the Analytical needs of East Coast Wineries WWW.EASTERNWINELABS.COM Ph 609-859-4302 Cell 609-668-2854 chemist@easternwinelabs.com AOAC Member Powdery Mildew Severity and Training Systems 60 Umbrella-Kniffen Vertical Shoot Positioning 50 40 30 Late None Early Late None Early Figure 3: Powdery mildew severity on Chardonnay clusters within two training systems, Umbrella-Kniffen and Vertical Shoot Positioning. Basal leaves were removed around fruit either two weeks post-bloom (early), five weeks post-bloom (late), or not at all (none). The benefits of the early (versus late) leaf removal are likely due to the oft-repeated fact that most serious berry infections occur during the first few weeks following the start of bloom. This is when growers should hit the fungus with both barrels—use the best fungi- cides and the cultural control tools available—rather than wait until significant damage has occurred before employing them. The most important result was that simply by utilizing a VSP training system and basal leaf removal at fruit set, we were able to reduce fruit disease severity by 35% relative to UK-trained vines with no leaf removal. Exposure of fruit to sunlight and pesticides REAL ESTATE AUCTION Saturday, March 26, 2011 - 11:00 am On Site Oaksworth Farm Consisting of 24 Acres Divided into Four Parcels. 5 BR Manor Home, 3 BR Cottage, Barn, Pond and Outbuilding. 20324 James Monroe Highway, Rt. 15, Leesburg, VA 20175 Parcel 1: 6.01 acres w/vineyards • Parcel 2: 6.19 acres w/3 BR cottage Parcel 3: 5.5 acres w/5 BR Manor Home • Parcel 4: 6.39 acres w/barn Canopy management practices that increase sunlight penetration into the fruiting zone should also increase the penetration of sprays applied to control pests and diseases. With the assistance of Dr. Andrew Landers at Cornell University, we were able to quantify the effect that canopy density can have on spray coverage. (Read a review of Landers' new book, "Effective Vineyard Spraying, A Prac- tical Guide for Growers," on page 30.) Vines in our Chardonnay planting subjected to the above canopy manipulations were sprayed with a conventional air blast unit, and deposition on clusters from each vine was assessed in the lab. As expected, we found a direct relationship between the quantity of spray deposited on each cluster and the sunlight exposure level (Figure 4 on page 55), with well-exposed clusters receiving approxi- mately twice the deposition as those with poor exposure. 5 BR/3 BA Manor Home on 5.5 acres w/pond was built in 1850 and was totally renovated in 2010 w/all modern amenities. 3 finished levels, deck, outbuilding, extensive landscaping and new walkways, new decks, new paint/carpet, 2 wood burning fireplaces. Central A/C and forced air heat. 1,300 sq ft 3 BR/2 BA cottage on 6.19 acres has been totally remodeled and refurbished from top to bottom. Large front porch and screened-in side porch; extensive landscaping and new walkways. Home Tour Saturday, March 19 at 11:00 am Contact VAAF 729 www.nichollsauction.com (888) 357-2814 Craig Damewood for more information 703-303-4760 54 Wines & Vines MARCH 201 1 Management implications In all vineyards, in all seasons, for all experiments at all locations, increasing sunlight exposure on leaves or fruit reduced the severity of powdery mildew on those tissues—independent of spray coverage. And when improved spray coverage is factored in, the benefit of canopy management for PM control is not only compounded but extends to other diseases as well. However, a central concept associated with quality viticulture is "balance." Foliar Disease Severity %