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44 WINES&VINES April 2018 WINEMAKING cane pruning. "We think this is the good compromise between a good expression of the vigor of the vines and the yield," he said. "We look for a balance between the vegetative and the reproductive part of the plant, so, on these soils, we found this spacing, trellis and pruning give us the best op- portunity to labor the vineyard and to have balance in the vines, then balance in the grapes and finally harmonious wines." In California's Russian River Valley, Gary Farrell's Theresa Here- dia favors established norms. "Back then the Rochioli family was moving to closer vine spacing, but they had to consider vine vigor along the river and decided on 10- by-7 spacing. Vertical shoot posi- tioning (VSP) is best for canopy management and sun exposure, and they have historically used cordon pruning at Rochioli and Allen vineyards as it works well to help control vine vigor," she said. On the Sonoma Coast, Sloan of Small Vines prefers Burgun- dian-inspired tight 4-by-3 and 4-by-4 spacing and double Guyot pruning to prevent too much sun- light on the fruit, thereby allowing for greater acid preservation. "If you can dry farm, have good acid preservation and get phenological maturity at low Brix levels, you have the makings of a great, clas- sic Pinot Noir," he said. In Carneros, Michael Cox states: "Existing equipment and soil fertility played a role in plant- ing density. VSP to maximize air- flow and sun on fruit and buds. Cane pruning because we have found that in our harsh conditions it gives more consistent yields." Vinification In the cellar, all six winemakers follow fairly consistent protocols, staying with levels of 22°-25° Brix for red wine, pH levels below 7 and a titratable acidity of 3.3-3.6 grams per liter or slightly above. YAN (yeast assimilable nitrogen) mea- surements all fall below the danger zone of 300 milligrams per liter. Divergences manifest when considering nutrient additions. Thomas Houseman of Anne Amie Vineyards in Chehalem Mountains. ANNE AIME H&A's operaƟonal management program manages the financial and physical movement of your barrel inventory : Flexible leasing : add or remove barrels at any Ɵme OpƟmized cash-flow Cooper preferences respected Direct payment of cooper invoices in U$D or €uro Arrange logisƟcs and barrel removal from your cellar A guaranteed barrel buyback with the highest resale value $ Contact H&A Financing and Services 1505 Main St, St Helena, CA 94574 Tél (707) 523-112 - contact@ha-barrelmanagement.com www.ha-barrelmanagement.com - www.ha-usedbarrel.com BARREL MANAGEMENT