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January 2016 WINES&VINES 161 Aroma standards were made as reference descriptors to define wine characteristics and modified during the training period. All standards were made in neutral Riesling and Cabernet Franc base wines and stored at 4° C. All stan- dards were presented as 30ml samples in ISO wine glasses. Stan- dards represented the "high inten- sity" anchor term at the far right end of the respective line scales (15 cm). In each training session, panelists were required to inde- pendently evaluate the two wine samples and use an unstructured linear scale of 0-15 points to de- fine the intensity of wine attri- butes. The panel training was carried out in November 2013 for Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sau- vignon, and March-April 2014 for Riesling and Pinot Gris. Descriptive analysis: The tasting sessions also were scheduled twice per week, and no time limit was required for the panelists. The tastings were arranged in the sen- sory lab in CCOVI in individual booths, and Compusense software was used for data collection. The wines were kept at 18° C until tast- ing, and ISO glasses were used for the analysis. The same aroma standards as the training session were available to the panelists. A one-minute break between each sample and a 30-minute break between each flight were pro- grammed in the software. A 15- point linear scale marked with "absent" and "high intensity" at two ends was used for the panel- ists to indicate the intensity of aromas or flavors. Each panelist tasted one flight of six wines in duplicate for each of the three fermentation repli- cates (six flights total) consisting of each crop level x harvest date treatment. Wines were marked WINE EAST GRAPEGROWING ETHYL ACETATE AND ISOAMYL ACETATE Impact of harvest date (2011 and 2012) on concentration of ethyl acetate (above) and isoamyl acetate (below) in four wines from Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, where T0=normal commercial harvest, T1=three weeks after T0, and T2=three weeks after T1. Different letters within each variety x year indicate significant differences between harvest dates, p< 0.05. 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Concentration in mg/L Pinot Gris 2011 Pinot Gris 2012 Riesling 2011 Riesling 2012 Cab Franc 2011 Cab Franc 2012 Cab Sauv 2011 Cab Sauv 2012 n = T0 n = T1 n = T2 20 15 10 5 0 Concentration in mg/L Pinot Gris 2011 Pinot Gris 2012 Riesling 2011 Riesling 2012 Cab Franc 2011 Cab Franc 2012 Cab Sauv 2011 Cab Sauv 2012 n = T0 n = T1 n = T2 b b b c c b b b b a a a a a a b b a a b b b a a a a a b b b b a a SUBSCRIBE ONLINE AND SAVE! winesandvines.com/subscribe Print + Digital Magazine 12 monthly issues a year for $28 winesandvines.com/subscribe