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January 2016 WINES&VINES 163 2011. 1-Hexanol increased with delayed harvest, but only in 2012, and concentrations were lower than in 2011. As to acids, octanoic acid was reduced with delayed harvest in 2011 but increased slightly in 2012. Decanoic acid decreased with delayed harvest date both years. Riesling: Riesling contained 27 volatile compounds of interest. Crop reduction affected several compounds. Ethyl butyrate, phenyl ethyl alcohol, citronellol, geraniol and β-damascenone were reduced in concentration by cluster thin- ning in 2012 but were not im- pacted in 2011. Some compounds were only detected in one year. In 2011, diethyl acetal was only pres- ent in FC/T2, while geraniol in- creased with crop reduction. Hexyl acetate increased with crop reduc- tion in 2011 but was reduced in 2012, and the same occurred for isoamyl acetate and terpinolene. Ethyl phenyl acetate was reduced in cluster-thinned wines in 2011 but was only detected when crop was reduced in 2012. Delayed harvest date increased ethyl butyrate, isobutyl alcohol, linalool, terpinolene and citronel- lol, and decreases were noted for hexyl acetate, octanoic acid, hexa- noic acid, ethyl caprylate and β-damascenone in both years. Ge- raniol decreased with delayed har- vest date in 2011. As to esters, ethyl acetate increased with de- layed harvest, but isoamyl acetate decreased with delayed harvest in 2011 and increased in 2012. Ethyl caprylate and hexyl acetate de- creased both years with delayed harvest. As to alcohols, isoamyl and phenethyl alcohols and 1-hex- anol increased slightly with har- vest date, while 1-heptanol was present only in T2/FC in 2012. Decanoic acid decreased with de- layed harvest. Cabernet Franc: Cabernet Franc contained 22 volatile compounds of interest. Reductions in crop in- creased citronellol and ethyl phe- nyl acetate and reduced ethyl heptanoate in both years. In 2012 there were crop reduction-related increases in 1-hexanol, ethyl cap- rylate, ethyl caproate, 2-phenethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl ac- etate and benzaldehyde, while reductions also occurred in diethyl acetal and diethyl succinate. 1-Heptanol and decanal were de- tected in 2012 only, with a reduc- tion and increase, respectively, with crop reduction. Ethyl butyr- ate was the only compound pres- ent in both years that increased with crop reduction in 2011. Diethyl acetal and diethyl suc- cinate increased with increased harvest date in both years, while 1-hexanol, citronel lol, β-damas- cenone and decanoic acid de- creased. Among esters, ethyl acetate and ethyl caprylate in- creased with harvest date in 2011, and isoamyl acetate increased in 2012. Other esters that increased relative to extended harvest date were ethyl butyrate (2011) and ethyl phenyl acetate (2012; not detected in T1). Ethyl heptanoate was found only in T2 wines. Among alcohols, isoamyl and phenethyl alcohols were unaf- fected, isobutyl alcohol decreased, and 1-heptanol was present only in 2012. Among other compounds, octanoic acid decreased with de- layed harvest, decanal was only present in FC/T1 (2012), and benzaldehyde was only present in T2 wines both years. Cabernet Sauvignon: Cabernet Sauvignon contained 21 volatile compounds of interest. Crop re- duction reduced 1-hexanol and increased benzaldehyde in both years. Compounds reduced by crop reduction were phenyl ethyl alcohol, octanoic acid, isoamyl al- cohol, ethyl caproate, 2-phenyle- thyl acetate and decanoic acid (2011 only). Diethyl acetal in 2012 was reduced with cluster thinning, while diethyl succinate and ethyl heptanoate increased. Hexanoic acid was only present in HC/T0 in 2011, while it was re- duced with crop reduction in 2012. 1-Nonanol, on the other hand, was only present in HC/T2 in 2012 but was lowered with crop reduction in 2011. Delayed harvest date reduced 1-hexanol, phenyl ethyl alcohol, hexanoic acid and decanoic acid in both years. Among esters, ethyl acetate increased substantially with harvest date in 2011. Isoamyl acetate and ethyl caprylate dimin- WINE EAST GRAPEGROWING Grape Juice for Winemaking • California • Italy • Chile • South Africa Bulk Wine— CA North Coast • Drums • Totes • Tankers CFP Winemakers Fruit Juice for Winemaking • Year-around availability • 15 varieties Wine Grapes • California • Chile • South Africa Logistic Solutions • Coast to Coast CFP Winemakers, Pittsbugh PA www.cfpwinemakers.com • 412-232-4507