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28 Wines&Vines March 2015 grounded grapegrowIng applying them at the same time is typical of most vineyard weed- control programs. Glyphosate (Roundup) and pre-emergents such as oryzlin (Surflan), flumiox- azin (Chateau), isoxaben (Gallery) are just a few examples. Unfortu- nately, no one herbicide works on everything, so it is critical that you consult with a PCA or other weed- control specialist before spraying to choose the right materials, fig- ure out the proper timing and ap- plication rates. Finally, hope that it rains to incorporate your pre- emergent material. If the rain doesn't show and you have water and overhead sprinklers, you can apply irrigation (usually a quarter- inch of precipitation) to incorpo- rate the herbicide into the soil. Resistant weeds Continuous use of the same her- bicides, especially at lower rates, may encourage weed resistance over time. In California vineyards, we have horseweed, hairy flea- bane, rigid ryegrass and jungle rice grass that have developed resistance to glyphosate. If you feel that you made a good applica- tion of an herbicide and your vine- yard ends up weedy, it is a good idea to go over the application with your PCA or other weed- control professional. You may need to change your timing, rate, materials or other practices to im- prove weed control. Weed control is one of the most important activities to keep vines healthy while making your vine- yard appear well maintained. Keep good notes about what, when, how and where you exe- cute your weed-control programs. Keep your equipment in good con- dition, and if you are spraying herbicides, be sure the nozzles are not worn and that you are apply- ing everything at the right pres- sure. Watch for new weeds, and don't let them become a problem. Be observant and strategic to be successful. Glenn McGourty is the University of Cali- fornia Cooperative Extension winegrow- ing and plant science advisor for Lake and Mendocino counties. He also tends a 1-acre vineyard of the aromatic Italian wine grape variety Arneis on his property along the Russian River near Ukiah, Calif. The Industry's Most Trusted Source for... Advanced Crush Pad Equipment: OPTICAL SORTING – 100% CLEAN FRUIT NEW Orchard - Rite Wind Machines: (Eastern Canada Only) & Quality USED Wind Machines (Throughout North America) New & Used Single & Multi – Row Sprayers Grape Harvesters: New & Field Ready Used Equipment Now Available with ON BOARD SORTING & DESTEMMING!! New Collard Leaf Removers & Hedgers & High Quality Used Canopy Management Tools t: 905.646.8085 I tf: 1.866.677.4717 I lakeviewvineyardequipment.com I 40 Lakeshore Rd., R.R. # 5 I Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON Take Advantage of Current Exchange Rates – Call Today for Updated Pricing! t: 905.646.8085 I tf: 1.866.677.4717 I lakeviewvineyardequipment.com I 40 Lakeshore Rd., R.R. # 5 I Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON