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66 p r a c t i c a l w i n e r y & v i n e ya r d M a r c H 2 0 1 4 g r a p e g r o w i n g campus. Fifty pheromone-baited traps were placed on 20 acres in a grid pattern. Based on trap counts collected three times per day, male mealybug movement was mapped across the orchard over time (Figure 3). The results show that, even in ideal conditions (warm, low wind), males did not move toward pheromone sources but were instead caught near their initial release site. Conclusion The male VMB insects are not strong fly- ers. While there may have been pressure to remain near the live female source (the colony placed in the vineyard), the study showed the impact of pheromone mem- brane dispensers placed in a vineyard where there were few heavily infested vines. An ideal pheromone membrane dispenser density should be around 175 dispensers per acre to achieve efficient control, whether the load rate of phero- mone per acre is 25 or 37.5 grams imbed- ded in the dispenser membrane. After seeing the results of the trial, the Denair, Calif., Pinot Noir grower now places pheromone membrane dispensers at a much reduced rate of 180 dispensers per acre in the integrated management of VMB control in the 56-acre vineyard. PWV Figure 3. In three trials (July 25–Oct. 22), flights of male mealybug were substantial and, despite warm morning temperatures and low wind velocities, the insects did not orient to upwind pheromone point sources. Adult males were consistently caught in the vicinity of mealybug source and rarely up- wind from that source on any observation day. With only one exception, the traps closest to the mealybug source had the highest numbers of captured males. We conclude that the males are not strong flyers, and while there may have been pressure to remain near the live female source (the colony placed into the field), the study showed the impact of dispensers placed in a field where there were few heavily infested vines. Wines and Vines 1/2 page vertical (3.5" x 4.875") 509.416.6060 mbauction.com Horse Heaven Hills AVA 694+ Acres Offered in 4 Parcels AuctiOn Friday, April 4 th at 2pm Alderdale, WA Parcels from 75 to 297+ Acres 694± gross acres located within the Horse Heaven Hills Appellation with 335± planted to various wine grapes. e Horse Heaven Hills Appellation is home to 25% of Washington State's vineyard acreage and a source of the four 100-point Washington State Wines. ©Shutterstock